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TO BE
- ‘TO BE’ is basic verb that we use when we want to qualify objects around us and specify their properties, locations. When you set up a sentence in English, a verb is always There is no sentence in which there is no verb.
- A verb cannot be seen at first glance like sentences ‘Mary is fat’ or ‘Jane is beautiful’ . These are noun and adjective verbs in Turkish grammar. However, there are no constructions such as noun and adjective verbs in English. So when we set up nouns and adjective clauses, we fill this void with verb ‘ to be’ .
- In short, ‘ TO BE’ specifies either the object or the object that characterizes the adjective. TO BE clauses aren’t definitely an action clauses. It cannot describe any structure that contains motion, acceleration.
- To be + adjective
John is handsome.
- To be + noun
Mary is a teacher.
- To be + there is no definitely verb
Now, let’s examine the distribution of TO BE auxiliary verbs according to their pronouns.
| NORMAL SPELLING | ABBREVIATION |
| I am | I’m |
| You are | You’re |
| He is | He’s |
| She is | She’s |
| It is | It’s |
| We are | We’re |
| They are | They’re |
EXAMPLES:
*She is my sister.
*His shoes are dirty.
*Tom is tired.
*Shops are closed.
*Jane is at home.
*I am 21 years old.
*The movie is wonderful.
*Karen’s eyes are green.
*It is Linda’s bag.
*They are in the kitchen.
QUESTIONS and NEGATIVES
When doing negative sentence, it is brought ‘not’ after the auxiliary verb. This pattern is the same all the time in English.
QUESTIONS
am ı…..?
are you…..?
is he…..?
is she…..?
is it…….?
are we…..?
are they……?
EXAMPLES:
*Is she my daughter ?
*Are his shoes dirty ?
*Is Tom tired ?
*Are shops closed ?
*Is Jane at home ?
NEGATIVES
It is used ‘not’ after the auxiliary verb to do negative the sentences made with ‘am-is-are’ auxiliary verbs.
I am not ( no abbreviation )
You are not ( aren’t )
He is not ( isn’t )
She is not ( isn’t )
It is not ( isn’t )
We are not ( aren’t )
They are not ( aren’t )
EXAMPLES:
She isn’t my daughter.
His shoes aren’t dirty.
Tom isn’t tired.
Shops aren’t closed.
Jane isn’t at home.